Reflection to Patch Adams Essay

Fix Adams is an exceptionally contacting, dismal yet rousing story where you can become familiar with a ton of exercises. It is an anecdote about Hunter Adams who subscribed to a refuge for being self-destructive. While in the refuge, he found his craving to help, comprehend and associate with individuals. Subsequent to leaving the organization, he enlists into a clinical school to have the option to achieve his fantasy. During his stay in the medical clinic he helped the patients through amusingness in light of the fact that he accepted that by making them chuckle and overlook the torment, it will reinforce them however it is precluded to connect with the patients. It is possibly permitted when he arrive at his third year. This got one reason for him to be ousted from school yet he never halted and keep doing what he accept is correct. Supposedly on there are numerous things that thwart him to accomplish his fantasy yet the head nurture has faith in what he is doing and works alongs ide him. Fix chooses to proceed with his fantasy while Dean Walcott battles to have him tossed out of school yet he generally wind up being fruitless. Fix built up a free center assembled Gesundheit with the assistance of his companions, Truman and Carin where the medication depends on adoration, where in patients aides and treat each other, yet the school discovers he was rewarding patients without a permit making his whole vocation put in chance. The opportunity arrived that Patch addressed God on the off chance that He wants to think about it or not. He was crushed after the demise of Carin, the lady he adores in view of a homicide. He griped to God that on the seventh day of God’s creation, he ought not refreshed rather utilized it for empathy. In any case, God replied back through the butterfly and it brought back his energy he had previously, that he is a man of crucial assistance individuals. In the film, Patch has our Lord as his model for sympathy. He had the option to get triumph on account of his confidence, expectation and love. The film instructs us to resemble Patch Adams in managing others. We should take a gander at the individual past the entirety of his blemishes. Patch’s demeanor is altruistic and his activities are Christian and it should spread to us all. We can be specialist to each other by making individuals grin, helping the poor or showing others to do beneficial things. Through doing the se, little signals may make a major effect them. We ought to consistently recollect that our model in being a specialist is in all honesty our Lord, Jesus Christ. The story discloses to us that we ought to have an energetic character. We should utilize our feelings of dread or disappointments as our key to progress. Continuously accept that disappointments have seeds of achievement that will create in it. Continuously be inspired with the goal that you can impact other to be spurred as well and when there are individuals who are feeling down we should help and cheer them up. Fix Adams is a film worth watching, it will fulfill you and will cause you to learn and acknowledge things. The film has something to do in our lives, the ethical exercises found in the story are material. It can improve us to be an individual and assist us with having attributes of Patch Adams which are really excellent and amazing. We ought to likewise observe issues in a Christ-like way and consistently center around the arrangement not in the issue. At the point when Patch is rewarding patients in his center, he shows extraordinary sacrosanct mindfulness by just conced ing that we are a network that can help one another. He broadcasts that everybody is both a specialist and a patient. Fix likewise approaches the importance of the holy observance of Anointing of the Sick. He recuperates individuals in a delightful manner and we ought to do something very similar. Fundamentally, even at our most reduced meds throughout everyday life, genuinely the best medication is humor. The way of thinking of Hunter Adams is extremely functional. We can keep improving the specialist tolerant relationship. Due to the film, we can open our eyes and psyche that there is a major issue with the clinical framework these days. We should transform it now and attempt to improve and in progressively others conscious way. Dr. Patch’s character shows that we should help individuals with comprehension and love regardless. His character shows us not to abandon what we have confidence in. Leave us alone a motivation to other people. Fix Adam’s character is in fact astonishing. He should fill in as a motivation and inspiration not exclusively to us yet additionally to the clinical network far and wide. In our life we ought not let dread vanquish us. We ought to be sufficiently able to appear as something else and remarkable. Try not to be reluctant to remain on your own confidence.

Marketing Of An Innovative Ide :: essays research papers

The quantity of individuals in the United States that deal with their own vehicles keeps on expanding. This is obvious by the proceeding with number of automobile part stores that are opened each year. New stores, new chains, the opposition is savage. One purpose behind this is the expense of taking your vehicle in to the shop, to change something as straightforward as a $10 gasket, can be over the top expensive. It could wind up costing you a few hundred dollars do to work. Work can make up somewhere in the range of thirty to 90% of the bill. The other issue is finding a spot to go that you can trust. There are a great deal of warped mechanics that appear to discover more issues or even make a bigger number of issues with your vehicle than what you initially acquired it for. Another issue with utilizing an assistance carport is that you generally need to leave you vehicle the entire day so as to complete the work. This typically transforms into a significant burden. You wind up hold ing up at the shop or discovering somebody to get you and take you back. It is no big surprise that individuals are getting progressively associated with chipping away at their own vehicles. Spending plan scrupulous individuals won't pay for high work and even better, pointless work. As a matter of fact, bunches of individuals appreciate, and want to deal with their own autos. You can set aside a ton of cash from the expense of work and superfluous support. Doing it without anyone else's help additionally gives you consolation of the activity being done completely and effectively the first run through. Not all work however, is viewed as plausible to be finished by the do-it-without anyone's help repairman. A normal individual won't remove a motor from the vehicle and do a redesign. What they can do however, is change parts, channels, liquids, tires, and perform numerous other routine support assignments. A great deal of these occupations include lifting up the vehicle. Normally what you need to do is get a jack, lift up the vehicle, place a remain underneath, and afterward bring down the vehicle on to it. The stand is important in the event that you need more than one corner of the vehicle lifted on the double. This could be a tedious procedure. The main thing you for the most part need to do is find that jack from the storage compartment. When you do that, you at that point need to make sense of where it goes on the vehicle to appropriately lift it. Showcasing Of An Innovative Ide :: papers look into papers The quantity of individuals in the United States that take a shot at their own cars keeps on expanding. This is obvious by the proceeding with number of car part stores that are opened each year. New stores, new chains, the opposition is savage. One explanation behind this is the expense of taking your car in to the shop, to change something as basic as a $10 gasket, can be over the top expensive. It could wind up costing you a few hundred dollars do to work. Work can make up somewhere in the range of thirty to 90% of the bill. The other issue is finding a spot to go that you can trust. There are a great deal of abnormal mechanics that appear to discover more issues or even make a greater number of issues with your vehicle than what you initially acquired it for. Another issue with utilizing a help carport is that you normally need to leave you vehicle the entire day so as to complete the work. This generally transforms into a significant burden. You wind up holding up at the shop or discovering somebody to get you and take you back. It is no big surprise that individuals are getting increasingly associated with chipping away at their own vehicles. Spending plan upright individuals won't pay for high work and even better, superfluous work. All things considered, loads of individuals appreciate, and want to deal with their own autos. You can set aside a ton of cash from the expense of work and superfluous upkeep. Doing it without anyone else's help likewise gives you consolation of the activity being done completely and effectively the first run through. Not all work however, is viewed as attainable to be finished by the do-it-without anyone else's help technician. A normal individual won't remove a motor from the vehicle and do an update. What they can do however, is change parts, channels, liquids, tires, and perform numerous other routine support undertakings. A ton of these employments include lifting up the vehicle. Typically what you need to do is get a ja ck, lift up the vehicle, place a remain underneath, and afterward bring down the vehicle on to it. The stand is important on the off chance that you need more than one corner of the vehicle lifted without a moment's delay. This could be a tedious procedure. The principal thing you for the most part need to do is find that jack from the storage compartment. When you do that, you at that point need to make sense of where it goes on the vehicle to appropriately lift it.

Management and People free essay sample

There are different methods for portraying the executives, so in this task the various meanings of the executives would be talked about and we would likewise perceive how the greater part of the definitions are comparative, alongside their capacities. We ought to consider the executives take a gander at why the board is important. We should perceive how the different perspectives on these administration scholars are comparable and furthermore on the off chance that they differentiate. The board, as characterized, â€Å"is the action of completing things the guide of individuals and different assets proficiently and viably, it is a component of most human conditions; residential, social and political, just as in officially settled organisations†(David Boddy, 2008, ps. 10). We people perform various exercises regular, for example, eating, drinking, playing and they are identified with the board and so on. As indicated by Mary Parket Follet, â€Å"Management is the demonstration of completing things through individuals. So the executives is a movement in light of the fact that a supervisor achieves his assignment or goal with the assistance of others and furthermore guides these individuals so as to acquire his target, so the board accomplishes its destinations through individuals, so the executives is very helpful to individuals. In the executives there are different exercises that are completed. These incorporate educational exercises, decisional exercises and between close to home exercises and every one of these exercises are to be finished by a supervisor. The board attempts are done to energize singular exercises that will help achieve all objectives. Hence, supervisors should consistently keep hierarchical objectives in thought. â€Å"Management is additionally the way toward arriving at hierarchical objectives by working with and through individuals and other authoritative resources†. (Samuel. c. Certo, eight versions, and p. s6) this definition is an incredible like the initial two definitions. The two of them state that administration has to do with accomplishing its objectives through the guide of individuals and assets, that’s to state, that, each kind of human association requires the procedure of the board which assists with putting forth human day by day attempts beneficial. The board is an all inclusive known. It is additionally a broadly utilized term. It’s utilized in all associations; political, social or social association. Every one of these associations are engaged with the executives since the board helps and aides the different procedures required to accomplish a reason. It can likewise be said that â€Å"management is both an all inclusive human action and an unmistakable occupation†. (David boddy, 2008, p. s9). The board as a human action happens when individuals choose to assume liability and put forth a valiant effort to design the advancement and aftereffect of a movement. At the point when individuals deal with their work, they assume liability of everything in that association and ensure that they accomplish their motivation and that it has a positive result, in this way â€Å"Management is a declaration of human office, the limit effectively to shape and direct the world, as opposed to just respond to it†. (Hales, 2001, p. s2). The board idea is all inclusive and old. That’s why there are various perspectives communicated by essayists and scholar about the idea of the executives. In any case, the consistent advancement of the executives standards has changed the idea of the executives. The vast majority consider the executives as being just a workmanship yet the board is likewise a science. it is the craft of making individuals more employable and dynamic than they would have being without it. As indicated by Harold Knootz, â€Å"Management is the craft of completing things through and with the guide of individuals in officially composed groups†. The executives is viewed as a craftsmanship as opposed to a science fundamentally in light of the fact that the aptitudes of the board are to a greater degree an individual belonging and is instinctive. The board is additionally a science in the feeling of how it is finished. Similarly as how science is an arranged assortment of information which depends on satisfactory perception and discoveries and this discoveries apply securely in all circumstances. In this sense, the executives is a science as it has likewise built up some arranged information, however the board isn't as definite in science as other physical sciences, for example, material science, science, science and so on yet similarly as different sciences, the board has additionally built up specific laws and standards which are appropriate anyplace the endeavors of individuals are observed. The executives is all the more a sociology and not of only a science, it manages the individuals and it isn't so natural to foresee human conduct precisely. Hence, the board isn't only a workmanship; it has components of both craftsmanship and science. So it is both, a workmanship and science. The board is an arranged movement. It is the association and co-appointment of the exercises of a business so as to accomplish explicit destinations. It is something that coordinates collective endeavors towards the fulfillment of certain pre decided objectives. It is the way toward working through others to viably accomplish the objectives of the association, by productively utilizing assets that are constrained in the evolving scene. Obviously, these objectives may differ starting with one endeavor then onto the next. The executives is frequently included as a factor of creation alongside machines, cash and materials. It is the administration which places these components of creation into sensible use. Along these lines, it is one of the significant duties of the executives; to make such condition which is helpful for most extreme endeavors with the goal that individuals would have the option to play out their assignment productively and viably. It incorporates guaranteeing the accessibility of crude materials, assurance of wages and pay rates, detailing of rules amp; guidelines and so forth. The board is likewise a specialty of making an inner situation, in which individuals can perform and people can likewise co-work with them so as to accomplish a gathering of objectives. The executives can be of various sizes, running from one individual to a little association with many individuals or likely it could likewise include hundreds or thousands of supervisors in a huge organization or worldwide organizations. As indicated by Fw. Taylor, â€Å"Management is a specialty of comprehending what to do and see that it is done in the best and least expensive way†. This is in this manner saying that in the executives you need to recognize what is intended to be done and to comprehend what ought to be done as well as ought to likewise have the option to do it effectively. â€Å"The term the executives can likewise allude to the people who control and direct associations or to a lifelong gave to the undertaking of controlling and coordinating organisations†. (Samuel. C. Certo, eight versions, p. s6). As indicated by the executives master, Peter Drucker (1909-2005), â€Å"The essential errand of the executives incorporates both advertising and advancement. Development â€Å"Is the utilization of new mechanical and market information to offer another item or administration that clients will want†. (Allan Afuah, second release, p. s4). Development is a piece of the board in light of the fact that as characterized, it has to do with the utilization of new innovation and market information so as to deliver new items that would be attractive to clients. Accordingly with development, administrators can have the option to accomplish their objectives. The board comprises of the interlocking capacities or exercises of making corporate approach and arranging, arranging, controlling, and guiding an organisation’s assets so as to accomplish its necessary goals. The board is the way toward providing a request to the exercises of arranging, impacting, controlling and sorting out that are performed to decide and achieve expressed destinations with the utilization of individuals and different assets. What's more, this exercises or capacities are what make up the board. They are additionally the key assignments that are to be finished by a chief. The executives is being characterized in an unexpected way, every administration scholars have their own view on the executives and decipher it on their discoveries, for example, Henri Fayol, Harold koontz, Mary Parket Follet, Peter Drucker and Mintzberg. Yet, the executives is significantly characterized as a specialty of completing things through individuals to accomplish a goal. Harold Koontz and Mary Parket Follet had a similar view on this, the two of them characterized the executives as a specialty of completing things. While Henri Fayol and mintzberg sees are very comparative but at the same time are extraordinary. The two of them depicted a manager’s work a similar way, as indicated by Henri Fayol, â€Å"To oversee is to gauge and to design, to sort out, to order, to co-ordinate, and to control†. He sees the board as far as its capacities, what chiefs need to do so as to accomplish their destinations. Mintzberg likewise says that all together for an administrator to have the option to accomplish his goals, he must have the option to lead and impart well. Fayol and mintzberg’s hypothesis are just comparable as in there must be initiative in the board in other to accomplish their objectives, however there are still some additional abilities that can help with administration. Mintzberg saw associations as a ‘open’ framework, so they would consider both the inward and outside components of the board, while Fayol considered association to be a ‘close’ framework, he focused on the inner variables of the executives. All in all, we can see that administration is an exceptionally all inclusive wonder; it is notable and done where so ever people’s endeavors are co-ordinated. Also, that administration apparently is finished by chiefs and these administrators ought to have the option to lead the individuals that are under them and ought to have the option to control, co-ordinate, order, and sort out others so as to accomplish their target.

Five Steps to Choosing Topics For Essay Writing Competition

Five Steps to Choosing Topics For Essay Writing CompetitionSome topics for essay writing competition look very daunting. But, the right subject is your key to success.Start with a topic that is not too hard or too easy. It is not easy to find out the most trivial things in life and deep down inside, we all like to know those things that take us somewhere. There are many topics for essay writing competition that you can choose from. To make sure that you do not go overboard, start with one or two topics.One of the best ways to increase your chances of winning is to work on something you have been passionate about for a long time. This will be the first step towards going deep into the topic. Before deciding on the topic, it is best if you are familiar with its basics. Since the topic is your writing assignment, it would not be wrong to spend some time studying it before choosing the topic.The second step towards choosing the right topic is to choose a prompt. A prompt is an idea that is based on common thoughts and emotions of a topic to generate an article or a piece of writing. It is also a guide to readers when they see your essay. If you are the only one in the room, it would give clues to you on what to write on that topic.The third step is to choose a theme. Themes are the common foundation to build upon to create great ideas and a good essay. A theme will help you distinguish yourself from the rest of the pack. But, the more themes you choose, the harder it is to come up with a final theme. Once you choose the theme, be prepared to stay with it for some time.The fourth step is to write your essay. Once you are happy with the subjects and themes you decided on, go ahead and write. No one can resist an essay that appeals to them. However, make sure that you finish the essay well in advance to avoid writing later and editing.The fifth step is to submit your essay. It is better if you take the time to find the perfect writer for the assignment. It would be be tter if you choose someone who knows what he is doing and has the credentials to back it up. So, find a list of writers and meet their requirements and check out their portfolio of essays to decide who will be able to write the best essay for you.

Physical And Psychological Symptoms Of A Psychiatric Disorder

Do does with a Psychiatric Disorder Malinger? The legal definition of malingering is the deliberate feigning or gross exaggeration of physical and psychological symptoms in order to gain a positive outcome or to avoid punishment. As people, we all at one point have purposely malingered in our lives. Whether it has been falsifying a headache, to exaggerating one. The problem with malingering is that, it is very difficult to diagnose, not only because it lacks evident evidence, but also because the symptoms are more emotional and mental than anything. Now a days, it has become a major concern for the courts. Failure to diagnose malingering can have a severe impact in the criminal justice system, not only does the defendant avoids†¦show more content†¦In Psychopathy and Malingering of Psychiatric Disorder in Criminal Defendants (2006), the article talks about several validated measures being use for the detection of malingering. The common known ones are the MMPI-2, PAI who have been known to accurately detect malingering. Also, the frequency scale and the F-K scale, that have revealed to be one of the best validity indicators for perceiving exaggerated biases (L. Thomas Kucharski, 2006). The SIRS (structured interview of reported symptoms, 1991), has also become an essential tool for detecting malingering, this measured is based on an interview format. Although yes the instruments do exist, and it is possible to be able to measure the extent of malingering and biases behind it, evaluators’ face the problem of thes e biases impacting the evaluations of criminal defendants that do present psychopathic characteristics. The key point of this article is to determine whether psychopaths are more likely to exaggerate their symptoms, but also know which of those characteristics associated with psychopathy are associated with the exaggeration of symptoms (L. Thomas Kucharski, 2006). To prove the association of psychopaths with malingering, a study was conducted on a group of 280 male criminal defendants who were referred by the courts for competency to stand trial, and to be evaluated on their criminal

Suicide s Note By Langston Hughes - 1201 Words

Suicide’s Note Not all poems fall into the category of epic poetry or ballads. Some pieces are short and concise rather than lengthy and elegant. A shorter poem may focus more thoroughly on diction, or the author’s specific choice of words, rather than things such as rhyme scheme or meter. Langston Hughes poem â€Å"Suicide’s Note† is a perfect example of this. Because it is only twelve words long, every single word is important and chosen carefully. This poem uses many literary techniques, none more than diction, to achieve its purpose. which is to focus on the split-second decision that is suicide. To begin, Hughes’ uses his diction to create a distinct mood for his poem. For example, when one reads the poem without first reading the title, â€Å"The calm, Cool face of the river Asked me for a kiss,† they may create in their own head a calm, positive or happy mood. The words may remind one of summer days at the lake or the beautiful view of a river valley. The author does this on purpose as he wants the reader to be relaxed. With the title, â€Å"Suicide’s Note,† attached, however, the mood automatically becomes more solemn. Hughes gives his readers this title because he wants them to understand that this poem has a meaning beyond what can be seen at first glance. Nothing in these lines really reveals a tone, or the author’s attitude toward the subject, which makes the mood that much more more important. The author establishes that his, or anyone’s, thoughts or feelingsShow MoreRelatedEliot s The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1777 Words   |  8 Pagesfollowing exam is open book and open notes. Each response should be a developed short answer that demonstrates a meaningful understanding of the poems and stories from each unit. Each response should address all parts of the question in at least five complete sentences, including at least one relevant quotation from each poem or story. *Remember: each response must include at least one specific quotation from the poem or story in question. Do not quote from discussion notes, summaries from the textbookRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 PagesIn 1919, when Langston Hughes was seventeen years old, he spent the summer with his father, Jim Hughes, in Toluca, Mexico. Langston had not seen his father since he was a small child, and he was excited about making the trip. However, during this visit, no affectionate bond would develop between Langston and Jim. Jim Hughes was a cold, difficult man, who was driven by ambition to make money and achieve respect. He had moved to Mexico to avoid segregation and racial injustice in the United StatesRead More Societal Views on Interracialism Throughout American History6209 Words   |  25 PagesWar and the Harlem Renaissance, in regard to the ideas held on mixed race relationships and individuals, one needs to consider theatrical pieces of the times. The Octoroon , written by Dion Boucicault in 1859, and Mulatto, written by Langston Hughes in 1935, both deal with topics of interracialism. Despite their controversial nature and subject matter, both achieved wide success and popularity. The two plays were also manipulated in pre-production to better suit their audiences and produceRead MoreAlice Malsenior6001 Words   |  25 Pagesfighting for freedom, increased her dedication to become both a reflective and revolutionary author. Alice Malsenior Walker was born on February 9, 1944, in Eatonton, Georgia, to Willie Lee and Minnie Tallulah Grant-Walker. Like many of Walker s fictional characters, she was the daughter of a sharecropper and the youngest of eight children (Bates, Alice Walker: A Critical Companion). Alice’s father had always taken education very seriously in an era where the schooling of black children, especiallyRead MoreBlack Lesbian And Gay Families7002 Words   |  29 Pagesthey imply that marriage between non -heterosexuals is a special privilege different from the civil right to marry that is constitutionally guaranteed to all American citizens. The struggle for marriage equality in the United States began in the 1970’s. It became more prominent in 1993 when the Hawaiian Supreme court declared that state’s prohibition against marriage between people of the same sex to be unconstitutional (Weiss, 2013). In response to this, there was significant public outcry and opponents

Applying for a Banking License in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Applying for a Banking License in Australia. Answer: Introduction Brilliant bank is a global bank which is headquartered in New York. It wants to conduct baking operation in Australia. As a director of brilliant bank, a report has been prepared for the methods and requirement to be followed for foreign banking operations in Australia. An Analysis of the Structure of the Current Financial System The financial system includes three components those are financial enterprise, those are financial enterprise such as banks, regulatory authorities such as Australian prudential regulation authority and reserve bank of Australia and third is payment system such as cash, cheques (Reserve bank of Australia, 2006). In a financial system, a bank plays considerable role, as it holds majority of the financial assets of the economy. In modern era bank does not only involves in lending activities, deposit banking rather they are also indulged in business banking financial market trading, insurance, funds management, stock broking (Wenworth) There rise in demand of the housing loan as after the inflation in early period of 1990s. Simultaneously there has been increase in the competition between the banks. A trend has been seen that banks have started raising loans by third party brokers that have also laid to increase in competition. In Australia there are currently four largest banks which are Commonwealth bank of Australia, Westpac banking corporation, National Australia bank, ANZ banking group, these banks lays a wide range of services and provide services nationwide (The Australian financial system). Structure and Developments in the Current Banking Industry Structure of Current Australian Banking Industry In Australia financial system has following factors that lead to changes. Those are as follows: Financial deepening: that means increase in demand of categories of highly developed financial products. Apart from that there also has been change in the legislation that is increase in the demand of individuals for self funding superannuation rather than relying only on public provisions of pension (At Kearney). Globalization: by increase in globalization it has lead to an increase in the floatation of Australian currency and open trade system. While in case of supply system it has made a challenge to the domestic traders as they would be competing international firms. Technological advancement: as advancement in informational technology leads to decrease in the cost of transmitting, storing and processing the information. Apart from this it has also reduced the cost of providing a vast services and the way they would be produced or delivered to the end customer. Deregulation: it affects the monetary policy of the country, and lead to changes in the effectiveness in the financial system (Australian bureau of statistics, 2010). Developments of Australian banking industry Asset performances of the banks and their conditions of lending: the non performing asset ratio of the banks have reduced drastically as in 2015 it was 0.8% as compare to in 2010 it was 1.9%. This change is due to improvement in business loans, housing loans, and personal loans. International exposures: banks in Australia are exposed to the risk due to international exposures. Exposures can be in relation to trade related claims, short term, which can effect funding and credit risks. Apart from this banks which are headquartered in foreign lays a different risk profile. Like these foreign banks can make lending more favorable to the public by reducing interest rates or by providing more quality services. Profitability: there has been a great increase in profits as loan amount provided have increased. Capital: the amount invested as capital in the banks has been increased. It has made changes in the liquidity ratios of banks. This shows expectancy for banks that the core economic functions would be improved in future. Shadow banking: it represents involvement of non regulatory authorities by regulatory authorities. This sector has been reduced to 7% in 2016, as compare to 10% in 2007. It involves limited systematic risk, even for the highly leveraged banks. Superannuation: it is the core activity of financial system. It involves $2trillion amount which is approximately half of the banking system. These funds are relies on outsourced service providers. The point to be noted in this is any financial or operational failure can lead to disruption in superannuation fund system (Reserve bank of Australia, 2016). The Regulation of Banks in Australia In Australia the banking sector have many banks which are licensed to carry on banking transactions complying the rules and regulations formed by the Banking Act 1959, foreign banks can carry banking operations by having a branch in Australia or by subsidiaries of foreign banks incorporated in Australia. However many institutions like financial institution, mutual banks, building societies, credit unions provide banking operations (Putnis, 2010). Australian banking system is divided into two parts those are APRA (Australian prudential regulation authority), which is responsible for licensing and supervision of financial institutions and ASIC (Australian securities and investment commission) which is highly responsible for market integrity and consumer protection. Banks in Australia are highly regulated by EDR (external dispute resolution) schemes and FOS (Financial ombudsman service). The responsibility of regulatory provisions levies on APRA, ASIC, RBA, and the Australian treasury. These all four bodies if combined together are called as Council of financial regulations. RBA is a central bank of Australia, the main responsibility of RBA is the sustainability of financial resources and stability of monetary policies. In technical terms the primary responsibility of a bank is to control exchange currency, but in practical terms this responsibility is conducted by foreign exchange dealers and money market dealers which are authorized by central bank (Sykes). APRA is responsible for supervising general insurance and life insurance companies. Apart from that it is also responsible for supervising the superannuation funds. APRA does not restrict foreign banks to carry financial operations in Australia. However it levies two restrictions on opening branches in Australia, those restrictions are: the 1st restriction is foreign branches are not allowed to accept any initial money as deposit from residents of Australia less than A$250,000. The 2nd restriction to foreign branches is they must disclose banking act depositor protection provisions to their depositors (Reserve bank of Australia, 2017). ASIC is responsible for promoting and controlling protection to consumer, integrity of market, and providing licensing in respect of financial services and products. Historical Provisions In the period of 1817- 1911 the banking operations were done by four institutions those are private banks, the deregulation, the reserve bank and the commonwealth banks. During the period of 1911, the first bank in Australia was commonwealth bank of Australia. However this bank was not central bank as it does not levies the authority to issue currency notes, as it was controlled by Australian department of treasury. But in 1920 this responsibility was taken back. In the period of 1924, the commonwealth bank was given an authority to issue currency notes. In 1951 a new body was formed which was responsible for managing the operations of banks. In 1959, the reserve bank act has formed a new corporate body called as reserve bank of Australia, which will be carrying central operations as carried by commonwealth bank. However the reserve bank came into effectiveness in 1960s. In 1968 the supervision activities were granted to a new authority called APRA, which were carried by RBA earlier. The reserve bank act was also amended to maintain effectiveness in payment system and hence the payment system, payment system (regulation) act 1998 and netting act 1998 was brought in the financial market. Current Provisions The duties of the reserve bank of Australia have made formal and stringent to get more clear information about the monetary policies of Australia like currency stability, maintaining full employment and welfare and economic prosperity of the public. In 2013, banks need to confirm that the inflation rate would be in between 2 to 3%. As it would help the big corporate houses and households to make effective financial decisions, will create employment, and will control the purchasing power of the company. As RBA is the owner of RITS which is reserve bank information and transmission system, hence the stability and security to be achieved from cyber attacks. Apart from this, it is also the responsibility of central bank to provide custody and banking facilities to other banks. And government is working on banking regulations to make them flexible so to make advancement in payment system and interaction with the customers (Pearson, 2009). The Opportunities and Structure for Another Foreign Bank in Australia After LPG policies in 1991, a large number of foreign banks braches were opened in Australia. There are at present 33 branches of foreign banks and 9 foreign owned subsidiary banks. Investing overseas allow diversification in the banks portfolio, as the risk of financial crises would be reduced. The opportunities for foreign banks which have started banking transactions by opening a branch in Australia are like they have vast office network, retail and commercial banking, trade finance, retail banking, financial and treasury markets, cash and global liquidity management. As these banks have an opportunity to provide their customers to avail the facilities of overseas banking, cross border banking (Norton rose Fulbright, 2017). The structure of opening a foreign branch in Australia, it is the principle requirement to follow the rules and regulations formed by APRA authority. ADI which is authorized deposit taking institution is authorized to check such compliances of whether APRA rules and regulations are followed or not. A further requirement to be followed is a financial institution has to take prior consent from APRA to suffix words like banker, bank, or banking, as these are restricted in banking regulations act (IBP, 2013). Financial operation can be done by a foreign bank in Australia by opening a local subsidiary or having a branch in Australia. If a subsidiary option is availed, that subsidiary would be called as ADI, and it would be dealt as separate from its parent bank. While if the branch option is availed then it is called as foreign ADI, and it must follow all the legal rules and regulations like an Australian bank (Turner Nugent, 2017). And if the bank is permitted to operate through local branch as well as subsidiary, in this case the subsidiary and foreign ADI must comply with the requirement of working at arms length. That is their dealing would be different from one another. However it is new rule incorporated by APRA that if a newly foreign bank wants to conduct financial operations in Australia that can be only done through as branches. That is financial dealings through subsidiaries are not permitted according to rulings of APRA (APRA insight, 2012). Besides from this, for a foreign bank for having financial operations in Australia, branch need to get registered as foreign bank as per the corporations act. Then the branch must comply with the obligations of ASIC that are depositing the financial records like balance sheet, income statements, cash flow statement to ASIC. Before conducting financial operations a branch must obtain license from AFSL that is Australian financial services license (IBP, 2015). The Risk Facing a Foreign Bank Starting a new Operation in Australia There can be several risks in case of foreign ADI like in case of funding markets, direct exposures, effects on slower economic growth of the Australia. Foreign ADIs has low growth in credit, they have high cost in generating funds. Apart from this there are structural challenges to these banks, as they have to maintain shareholders returns. In case of capital, they need to meet the expectations set by Basel III norms (Bank for international settlement, 2014). There should be proper planning done by foreign branches for proper risk management (FINSIA, 2017). Requirements to be Adopted by Brilliant Bank in Obtaining License To avail license as to conduct banking operations for foreign banks the requirements to be followed are: consent needs to be taken from APRA, and the banking plans need to communicate to the authority in Australia. A draft application with all the information required need to be submitted to the authority. After this entire statutory requirement a licensing fee is to be deposited to the authority. The process of licensing may take few years as to operate as a foreign bank in a country is not an easy task. Before conducting financial operations as a bank capital adequacy must be ensured by the applicant of the bank that is for operating as a bank tier 1 capital must be at least $50 million (APRA, 2008). Recommendations Institutions carrying banking operations in Australia as a foreign bank are considered as ADI (APRA). The recommendation regarding the operational structure and the feasibility are that it should not be compulsory for an applicant to provide all the banking services as required as an Australian bank. Rather it must be at the choice of the applicant to restrict to those services in which it has a specialization. According to APRA for banking operations, only corporate bodies are allowed. Hence it is recommended to provide banking services as a subsidiary also. Conclusion The Australian economy has liberalized foreign banks to conduct banking operations. Due to this an Australian economy has benefitted a lot. However it consist some risk too, but due to rules and regulations formed by RBA,ASIC, APRA and other regulators, it has reduced to a high extent. The main benefit a global bank like brilliant bank will avail is of diversification. As it is a global bank its risk are get more diversified. Besides the opportunities given to foreign banks like in the given case of brilliant bank, there are some challenges also like licensing issues, capital requirement. References APRA insight. (2012) issue 2nd. Retrieved at https://www.apra.gov.au/Insight/Documents/12-Insight-issue-2.pdf APRA. (2008) Guidelines: ADI authorization guidelines. 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